retirement
4 guides about retirement
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The Roth Conversion Ladder: How to Access Retirement Money Early (Tax-Free)
A Roth conversion ladder lets early retirees access 401k money penalty-free before 59½. Here's how it works, who it's for, and how to build one.
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How to Calculate Your Financial Independence Number
Your FI number is the amount you need invested to never need to work again. It's simpler to calculate than you think — and knowing it changes how you think about money.
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When Should You Take Social Security? The Math Behind the Decision
Starting Social Security at 62 vs. 70 can mean a difference of hundreds of dollars per month — and potentially hundreds of thousands over your lifetime. Here's how to decide.
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How Much Do You Need to Retire? A Realistic Answer for Every Budget
The '1 million dollar' retirement goal is too vague. Here's how to calculate your personal retirement number based on your actual spending and timeline.